Introduction

Dahshur, located just south of Cairo, is one of Egypt’s most fascinating yet underrated pyramid sites. Home to some of the earliest and most unique pyramids, Dahshur offers a glimpse into the architectural evolution that led to the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza. If you’re looking for a less crowded yet historically rich destination, the Dahshur Pyramids should be at the top of your travel list.

Why Visit the Dahshur Pyramids?

Unlike the bustling Giza Plateau, Dahshur provides a peaceful and immersive experience. The site features two of the most significant pyramids in Egypt: the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid. The Bent Pyramid is a unique structure with two different angles, showcasing the trial-and-error process in pyramid construction. The Red Pyramid, on the other hand, is the world’s first true smooth-sided pyramid, built by Pharaoh Sneferu. These pyramids mark the transition from step pyramids to the iconic smooth pyramids seen in Giza.

The Bent Pyramid:A Revolutionary Design

Commissioned by Pharaoh Sneferu around 2600 BC, the Bent Pyramid was an experimental attempt to construct a smooth-sided pyramid. However, midway through construction, the angle was altered from 54 degrees to 43 degrees, giving the pyramid its distinctive bent shape. This change likely occurred due to structural instability. Despite this, the Bent Pyramid remains one of the best-preserved pyramids, with much of its original limestone casing still intact.

The Bent Pyramid has two entrance points, an unusual feature for pyramids of this period. Visitors can enter the pyramid and explore its internal chambers. The adjacent Satellite Pyramid, recently opened to the public, is believed to have belonged to Queen Hetepheres, Sneferu’s wife.

The Red Pyramid: The First True Pyramid

After learning from the construction issues of the Bent Pyramid, Sneferu ordered the building of the Red Pyramid, named after the reddish limestone used in its construction. This was the first successful smooth-sided pyramid, paving the way for his son Khufu to construct the Great Pyramid of Giza.The Red Pyramid is Egypt’s third-largest pyramid, standing at 104 meters tall. The internal chambers are accessible, offering a real sense of ancient Egyptian engineering. Unlike the Great Pyramid, visitors can explore the Red Pyramid without crowds, making for a more intimate experience.

How to Visit Dahshur Pyramids

Location & Accessibility

Dahshur is about 40 km south of Cairo, making it an easy day trip from the capital. It is often visited along with the nearby Saqqara and Memphis sites.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to explore Dahshur is early morning or late afternoon, especially between October and April, when temperatures are cooler.

Entrance Fees & Tips

The entrance fee to Dahshur is lower than that of Giza, making it an affordable alternative. Wear comfortable shoes, as you may need to climb into the pyramids. Bring water and a hat, as there is minimal shade at the site.